One set of results, two tables
Every race feeds points into both a drivers' championship and a constructors' championship, the latter simply adding both cars' scores together. Most of the time these align neatly, since a team benefits from both cars finishing as high as possible. But the alignment is not perfect, because the constructors' table does not care which of a team's two drivers scores the points, while the drivers' table cares about nothing else.
Where the incentives diverge
The clearest divergence appears when a team has one driver still fighting for the drivers' title and another who is not, since the constructors' table would be indifferent to which one finishes ahead of the other while the drivers' title very much is not. In that situation a team may rationally ask its non-contending driver to yield position, a decision that is straightforwardly logical from the constructors' perspective even when it is unpopular.
Why teams sometimes choose differently
Not every team treats the titles equally; some prioritise the constructors' championship because it carries significant prize money, while others place more institutional weight on producing a drivers' champion for reputational reasons. Understanding which title a team is quietly optimising for in a given season explains many decisions, from strategy calls to instructions over team radio, that otherwise look inconsistent from race to race.